What is the best and most effective way to do SEO for a new website?

Hello everyone, I am currently building a website for a business, and even though I will promote and make content in social media, I also want to create a good, well made website, that attracts clients, and more importantly, ranks high in google. What are the steps to rank high on google? I know stuff like ranking with keywords on blogs, backlinks, but is there a clear roadmap to follow? Because there is so much content and information on the internet, it makes it very confusing to follow. And do I have to apply SEO to the pages (home, about, contact, etc.)? I am just really confused about what the best and most effective way there is to do SEO for a website, thank you all in advance.